[录入] Principal Events in Machiavelli’s Life

01月 27, 2008

Principal Events in Machiavelli’s Life

（from CAMBRIDGE TEXTS IN THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT: The Prince）

1469 May:  born (3rd) in Florence

1481 Nov:  begins to attend Paolo da Ronciglione’s school

Late 1480s  Possibly attended lectures by Marcello Adriani at the Univ. of Florence around this time

1498  Jun: confirmed by Great Council as second chancellor of the Florentine republic
 Jul: elected secretary to the Ten of War
 Nov: mission to the ruler of Piombino, the first of a series of diplomatic missions undertaken by Machiavelli on behalf of the Ten

1499 Jul: mission to Caterina Sforza-Riario

1500 Jul-Dec mission to court of Louis XII of France

1501  Marries Marietta Corsini (They eventually have six children)

1502 Oct: mission to the court of Cesare Borgia (Duke Valentino) at Imola
 Dec: follows Borgia to Cesena and Senigallia

1503 Jan: returns from Boria’s court
 Apr: mission to Pandolfo Petrucci, ruler of Siena
 Oct-Dec mission to papal court at Rome to report on election of Julius II

1504 Jan-Feb second mission to court of Louis XII
 Jul: second mission to Pandolfo Petrucci

1505 Dec: scheme for a revived Florentine militia, put forward by Machiavelli, provisionally accepted

1506 Jan: helps to recruit for the militia in the Mugello, north of Florence
 Aug-Oct second mission to papal court; follows Julius II from Viterbo to Orvieto, Perugia, Urbino, Cesena and Imola
 Dec: Great Council establishes a new committee, the Nine of the Militia, with Machiavelli as secretary

1507 Dec: sent on mission to the Emperor Maximilian’s court

1508 Jun: returns from imperial court

1510 Jun-Sep third mission to court of Louis XII

1511 Sep: fourth mission to court of Louis XII

1512 Aug: Spanish troops attack Florentine territory and sack Prato
 Sep: Florence surrenders; return of the Medici; dissolution of the republic
 Nov: Machiavelli dismissed from the Chancery (7th) and sentenced (10th) to confinement within Florentine territory for a year

1513 Feb: accused of taking part in anti-Medicean conspiracy; tried, tortured, imprisoned.
 Mar: released (11th) from prison
 Apr: retires to his farm at Sant’Andrea in Percussina, 7 miles south of Florence.
 Jul(?)-Dec writes draft of Il Principe

c.1515  Begins to frequent discussion-group presided over by Cosimo Rucellai in the Orti Oricellari, Florence.
  Dedicating his Discousi to Rucellai, Machiavelli implies that the book was written at Rucellai’s behest and that it was
  discussed at these meetings.

1518  Writes Mandragola

1518 or 1519 Completes Discorsi

1520  Writes Arte della guerra and La vita di Castruccio Castracani da Lucca
 Nov: receives commission from Cardinal Giulio de’Medici (later Pope Clement VII) to write the history of Florence

1521  Arte della guerra published

1525 May: visits Rome to present his completed Istorie fiorentine to Pope Clement VII

1526  Revises and adds to Mandragola

1527 Jun: dies (21st); buried (22nd) in Santa Croce, Florence

1531  Discorsi published

1532  Il Principe and Istorie fiorentine published

end